前置条件
首先要准备一台linux服务器，系统为CentOS 7.4 64位，本次以安装php-7.2.23为例进行介绍。
php下载
# wget https://www.php.net/distributions/php-7.2.23.tar.gz
php安装
1、先安装依赖包
yum install gcc libxml2 libxml2-devel openssl openssl-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel libcurl libcurl-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel gmp gmp-devel readline readline-devel libxslt libxslt-devel
2、解压并安装
# tar -zxvf php-7.2.23.tar.gz
# cd php-7.2.23
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-png-dir=/usr/local/libpng --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/jpeg --with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype --with-zlib-dir=/usr/local/zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr/local/libxml2/ --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local/libiconv --enable-libxml --enable-xml --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --enable-opcache --enable-mbregex --enable-fpm --enable-mbstring --with-openssl --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap --without-pear --with-gettext --enable-session --with-curl --enable-ctype --enable-shared --with-gd --with-mysqli --with-pdo-mysql --enable-mysqlnd
# make && make install
# php -v //查看php版本信息
执行上面操作时可能会报一些错误，解决方案如下：
1、执行报错：
configure: error: in `/root/php/php-7.3.4':
configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH
解决方案：
yum install -y gcc
2、执行报错：
checking whether to use system default cipher list instead of hardcoded value... no
checking for RAND_egd... no
checking for pkg-config... /usr/bin/pkg-config
configure: error: Cannot find OpenSSL's <evp.h>
解决方案：
yum install openssl openssl-devel
ln -s /usr/lib64/libssl.so /usr/lib/
3、执行报错：
checking pcre install prefix... no
checking libzip... yes
checking for the location of zlib... /usr
checking for pkg-config... (cached) /usr/bin/pkg-config
checking for libzip... configure: error: system libzip must be upgraded to version >= 0.11
解决方案：
yum remove libzip -y
wget https://nih.at/libzip/libzip-1.2.0.tar.gz
tar -zxvf libzip-1.2.0.tar.gz
cd libzip-1.2.0
./configure
make && make install
4、执行报错：
configure: error: libxml2 not found. Please check your libxml2 installation.
解决方案：
yum install -y libxml2-devel
5、执行报错：
checking for cURL 7.10.5 or greater... configure: error: cURL version 7.10.5 or later is required to compile php with cURL support
解决方案：
yum -y install curl-devel
6、执行报错：
If configure fails try --with-webp-dir=<DIR>
configure: error: jpeglib.h not found.
解决方案：
yum install -y libjpeg libjpeg-devel
7、执行报错：
If configure fails try --with-webp-dir=<DIR>
checking for jpeg_read_header in -ljpeg... yes
configure: error: png.h not found.
解决方案：
yum install libpng libpng-devel
8、执行报错：
If configure fails try --with-xpm-dir=<DIR>
configure: error: freetype-config not found.
解决方案：
yum install -y freetype freetype-devel
php配置
1、配置php
# cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
# cp /usr/local/php/bin/php /usr/local/bin/php (解决方案：https://blog.csdn.net/sinat_14826983/article/details/84654805)
# chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm
2、配置php-fpm.conf与www.conf文件
# cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
# cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
# vi /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf，取消daemonize前的;注释，并设置daemonize = no，默认是yes（注：使用supervisor管理php-fpm时需进行该设置）
配置www.conf文件
# groupadd www //新建www组
# useradd -g www www //将新建用户www添加到www组
vi /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
修改www.conf如下内容：
List of addresses (IPv4/IPv6) of FastCGI clients which are allowed to connect.
; Equivalent to the FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment variable in the original
user = www //将nobody改为www
group = www //将nobody改为www
; The address on which to accept FastCGI requests.
; Valid syntaxes are:
; 'ip.add.re.ss:port' - to listen on a TCP socket to a specific IPv4 address on
; a specific port;
; '[ip:6:addr:ess]:port' - to listen on a TCP socket to a specific IPv6 address on
; a specific port;
; 'port' - to listen on a TCP socket to all addresses
; (IPv6 and IPv4-mapped) on a specific port;
; '/path/to/unix/socket' - to listen on a unix socket.
; Note: This value is mandatory.
listen = 127.0.0.1:9000 //启用php-ftpm的端口监听
;listen = /var/run/php/php-fpm.sock //注释php-fpm.sock监听方式，二者取其一即可。
; Set listen(2) backlog.
; Default Value: 511 (-1 on FreeBSD and OpenBSD)
;listen.backlog = 511
; Set permissions for unix socket, if one is used. In Linux, read/write
; permissions must be set in order to allow connections from a web server. Many
; BSD-derived systems allow connections regardless of permissions.
; Default Values: user and group are set as the running user
; mode is set to 0660
listen.owner = www //去掉注释，将listen.owner = nobody改为listen.ouner = www
listen.group = www //去掉注释，将listen.owner = nobody改为listen.ouner = www
listen.mode = 0666 //去掉注释，将listen.mode =0660 改为listen.mode =0666
; When POSIX Access Control Lists are supported you can set them using
; these options, value is a comma separated list of user/group names.
; When set, listen.owner and listen.group are ignored
3、添加环境变量
# vi /etc/profile
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/php/bin/:/usr/local/php/sbin/
# source /etc/profile
4、启动php
# /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm 或
# service php-fpm start
检查启动进程与侦听端口号
# ps -ef | grep php-fpm
root 6310 19790 0 Aug16 ? 00:02:35 php-fpm: master process (/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf)
www 6405 6310 0 Aug16 ? 00:00:01 php-fpm: pool www
www 6406 6310 0 Aug16 ? 00:00:01 php-fpm: pool www
root 23465 23443 0 16:27 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto php-fpm