supervisor守护进程工具的安装与配置
简介
supervisor是用Python开发的一个client/server服务，是Linux/Unix系统下的一个进程管理工具。可以很方便的监听、启动、停止、重启一个或多个进程。用supervisor管理的进程，当一个进程意外被杀死，supervisor监听到进程死后，会自动将它重启，很方便的做到进程自动恢复的功能，不再需要自己写shell脚本来控制。
安装及配置
以CentOS 7.4，IP：192.168.1.100的环境进行supervisor安装，本次介绍三种安装方法。
方法一(建议pip方式)：
# wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py --no-check-certificate //下载pip
# pip install supervisor //pip安装supervisro
方法二（easy_install方式）：
# yum install python-setuptools
# easy_install supervisor //安装supervisor
# easy_install –U supervisor //更新supervisor
以上两种spervisor安装方法都需要进行以下部分的配置：
1、创建主配文件supervisord.conf
# cd /usr/bin/
# echo_supervisord_conf > /etc/supervisord.conf
2、创建supervisor配置文件目录/etc/supervisod.d/
# mkdir 755 /etc/supervisord.d/
3、修改配置文件supervisord.conf
; Sample supervisor config file.
;
; For more information on the config file, please see:
; http://supervisord.org/configuration.html
;
; Notes:
; - Shell expansion ("~" or "$HOME") is not supported. Environment
; variables can be expanded using this syntax: "%(ENV_HOME)s".
; - Quotes around values are not supported, except in the case of
; the environment= options as shown below.
; - Comments must have a leading space: "a=b ;comment" not "a=b;comment".
; - Command will be truncated if it looks like a config file comment, e.g.
; "command=bash -c 'foo ; bar'" will truncate to "command=bash -c 'foo ".
[unix_http_server]
file=/tmp/supervisor.sock ; the path to the socket file
;chmod=0700 ; socket file mode (default 0700)
;chown=nobody:nogroup ; socket file uid:gid owner
;username=user ; default is no username (open server)
;password=123 ; default is no password (open server)
[inet_http_server] ; inet (TCP) server disabled by default ;开户HTTP服务器，提供web管理界面
port=192.168.0.100:9001 ; ip_address:port specifier, *:port for all iface ;输入服务器IP地址及Web管理端口
username=admin ; default is no username (open server) //设置登录管理后台的用户名
password=SupervisorPassword ; default is no password (open server) ;设置登录管理后台的密码
[supervisord]
logfile=/tmp/supervisord.log ; main log file; default $CWD/supervisord.log
logfile_maxbytes=50MB ; max main logfile bytes b4 rotation; default 50MB
logfile_backups=10 ; # of main logfile backups; 0 means none, default 10
loglevel=info ; log level; default info; others: debug,warn,trace
pidfile=/tmp/supervisord.pid ; supervisord pidfile; default supervisord.pid
nodaemon=false ; start in foreground if true; default false
minfds=1024 ; min. avail startup file descriptors; default 1024
minprocs=200 ; min. avail process descriptors;default 200
;umask=022 ; process file creation umask; default 022
;user=supervisord ; setuid to this UNIX account at startup; recommended if root
;identifier=supervisor ; supervisord identifier, default is 'supervisor'
;directory=/tmp ; default is not to cd during start
;nocleanup=true ; don't clean up tempfiles at start; default false
;childlogdir=/tmp ; 'AUTO' child log dir, default $TEMP
;environment=KEY="value" ; key value pairs to add to environment
;strip_ansi=false ; strip ansi escape codes in logs; def. false
; The rpcinterface:supervisor section must remain in the config file for
; RPC (supervisorctl/web interface) to work. Additional interfaces may be
; added by defining them in separate [rpcinterface:x] sections.
[rpcinterface:supervisor]
supervisor.rpcinterface_factory = supervisor.rpcinterface:make_main_rpcinterface
; The supervisorctl section configures how supervisorctl will connect to
; supervisord. configure it match the settings in either the unix_http_server
; or inet_http_server section.
[supervisorctl]
serverurl=unix:///tmp/supervisor.sock ; use a unix:// URL for a unix socket
serverurl=http://192.168.0.100:9001 ; use an http:// url to specify an inet socket ;通过http的方式连接supervisord
username=admin ; should be same as in [*_http_server] if set ;设置登录管理后台的用户名
password=SupervisorPassword ; should be same as in [*_http_server] if set ;设置登录管理后台的密码
;prompt=mysupervisor ; cmd line prompt (default "supervisor")
;history_file=~/.sc_history ; use readline history if available
; The sample program section below shows all possible program subsection values.
; Create one or more 'real' program: sections to be able to control them under
; supervisor.
;[program:theprogramname]
;command=/bin/cat ; the program (relative uses PATH, can take args)
;process_name=%(program_name)s ; process_name expr (default %(program_name)s)
;numprocs=1 ; number of processes copies to start (def 1)
;directory=/tmp ; directory to cwd to before exec (def no cwd)
;umask=022 ; umask for process (default None)
;priority=999 ; the relative start priority (default 999)
;autostart=true ; start at supervisord start (default: true)
;startsecs=1 ; # of secs prog must stay up to be running (def. 1)
;startretries=3 ; max # of serial start failures when starting (default 3)
;autorestart=unexpected ; when to restart if exited after running (def: unexpected)
;exitcodes=0 ; 'expected' exit codes used with autorestart (default 0)
;stopsignal=QUIT ; signal used to kill process (default TERM)
;stopwaitsecs=10 ; max num secs to wait b4 SIGKILL (default 10)
;stopasgroup=false ; send stop signal to the UNIX process group (default false)
;killasgroup=false ; SIGKILL the UNIX process group (def false)
;user=chrism ; setuid to this UNIX account to run the program
;redirect_stderr=true ; redirect proc stderr to stdout (default false)
;stdout_logfile=/a/path ; stdout log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
;stdout_logfile_maxbytes=1MB ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
;stdout_logfile_backups=10 ; # of stdout logfile backups (0 means none, default 10)
;stdout_capture_maxbytes=1MB ; number of bytes in 'capturemode' (default 0)
;stdout_events_enabled=false ; emit events on stdout writes (default false)
;stdout_syslog=false ; send stdout to syslog with process name (default false)
;stderr_logfile=/a/path ; stderr log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
;stderr_logfile_maxbytes=1MB ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
;stderr_logfile_backups=10 ; # of stderr logfile backups (0 means none, default 10)
;stderr_capture_maxbytes=1MB ; number of bytes in 'capturemode' (default 0)
;stderr_events_enabled=false ; emit events on stderr writes (default false)
;stderr_syslog=false ; send stderr to syslog with process name (default false)
;environment=A="1",B="2" ; process environment additions (def no adds)
;serverurl=AUTO ; override serverurl computation (childutils)
; The sample eventlistener section below shows all possible eventlistener
; subsection values. Create one or more 'real' eventlistener: sections to be
; able to handle event notifications sent by supervisord.
;[eventlistener:theeventlistenername]
;command=/bin/eventlistener ; the program (relative uses PATH, can take args)
;process_name=%(program_name)s ; process_name expr (default %(program_name)s)
;numprocs=1 ; number of processes copies to start (def 1)
;events=EVENT ; event notif. types to subscribe to (req'd)
;buffer_size=10 ; event buffer queue size (default 10)
;directory=/tmp ; directory to cwd to before exec (def no cwd)
;umask=022 ; umask for process (default None)
;priority=-1 ; the relative start priority (default -1)
;autostart=true ; start at supervisord start (default: true)
;startsecs=1 ; # of secs prog must stay up to be running (def. 1)
;startretries=3 ; max # of serial start failures when starting (default 3)
;autorestart=unexpected ; autorestart if exited after running (def: unexpected)
;exitcodes=0 ; 'expected' exit codes used with autorestart (default 0)
;stopsignal=QUIT ; signal used to kill process (default TERM)
;stopwaitsecs=10 ; max num secs to wait b4 SIGKILL (default 10)
;stopasgroup=false ; send stop signal to the UNIX process group (default false)
;killasgroup=false ; SIGKILL the UNIX process group (def false)
;user=chrism ; setuid to this UNIX account to run the program
;redirect_stderr=false ; redirect_stderr=true is not allowed for eventlisteners
;stdout_logfile=/a/path ; stdout log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
;stdout_logfile_maxbytes=1MB ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
;stdout_logfile_backups=10 ; # of stdout logfile backups (0 means none, default 10)
;stdout_events_enabled=false ; emit events on stdout writes (default false)
;stdout_syslog=false ; send stdout to syslog with process name (default false)
;stderr_logfile=/a/path ; stderr log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
;stderr_logfile_maxbytes=1MB ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
;stderr_logfile_backups=10 ; # of stderr logfile backups (0 means none, default 10)
;stderr_events_enabled=false ; emit events on stderr writes (default false)
;stderr_syslog=false ; send stderr to syslog with process name (default false)
;environment=A="1",B="2" ; process environment additions
;serverurl=AUTO ; override serverurl computation (childutils)
; The sample group section below shows all possible group values. Create one
; or more 'real' group: sections to create "heterogeneous" process groups.
;[group:thegroupname]
;programs=progname1,progname2 ; each refers to 'x' in [program:x] definitions
;priority=999 ; the relative start priority (default 999)
; The [include] section can just contain the "files" setting. This
; setting can list multiple files (separated by whitespace or
; newlines). It can also contain wildcards. The filenames are
; interpreted as relative to this file. Included files *cannot*
; include files themselves.
[include]
files = /etc/supervisord.d/*.ini ;设置守护进程的配置文件路径，可以指定一个或多个以.ini结束的配置文件
注，修改每一项配置，需要去掉每行前注释“;”。
4、设置开机启动Supervisor服务
# vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/supervisord.service //新建supervisord服务
添加以下内容：
[Unit]
Description=Process Monitoring and Control Daemon
After=rc-local.service nss-user-lookup.target
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/bin/supervisord -c /etc/supervisord.conf
ExecStop=/usr/bin/supervisord shutdown
ExecReload=/usr/bin/supervisord reload
killMode=process
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=42s
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
supervisor添加到开机启动：
# systemctl enable supervisord.service //设置spervisor开机启动
# systemctl is-enabled supervisord.service //验证supervisor是否为开机启动，出现enabled表明设置成功。
5、启动服务、查看版本及状态
# systemctl start supervisord.service //启动supervisor服务
# supervisord -version //查看supervisor版本，当前最新版本是4.0.4
# systemctl restart supervisord //重启supervisor服务
# systemctl status supervisord //查看supervisor状态
方法三（yum方式）：
# yum install epel-release
# yum -y install supervisor //安装supervisor
# supervisord -version //查看supervisor版本，当前版本是3.1.4（非最新版本）
# systemctl enable supervisord //设置spervisor开机启动
# systemctl restart supervisord //重启supervisor服务
# systemctl status supervisord //查看supervisor状态
添加守护进程
其中/etc/supervisord.d/目录用来存放用户自定义的守护进程配置，如添加nginx与php-fpm配置样例如下：
nginx.ini
[program:nginx]
command = /usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf -g 'daemon off;'
stdout_logfile = /data/logs/supervisor/nginx.stdout.log
stderr_logfile = /data/logs/supervisor/nginx.stderr.log
autorestart = true
php-fpm.ini
[program:php-fpm]
command = /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -c /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
stdout_logfile = /data/logs/supervisor/php-fpm.stdout.log
stderr_logfile = /data/logs/supervisor/php-fpm.stderr.log
autorestart = true
注: supervisor不能监控后台运行的进程，command 不能为后台运行命令，使用supervisor接管进程以后就不可以使用其他命令启动服务。
常用命令介绍
supervisorctl 是 supervisord的命令行客户端工具
supervisorctl restart <application name> //重启指定应用
supervisorctl stop <application name> //停止指定应用
supervisorctl start <application name> //启动指定应用
supervisorctl restart all //重启所有应用
supervisorctl stop all //停止所有应用
supervisorctl start all //启动所有应用
supervisorctl update //配置文件修改后可以使用该命令加载新的配置
supervisorctl reload //重新启动配置中的所有程序
本文链接：
/archives/supervisor
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